Diabetic foot ulcers are open wounds on the feet caused by a combination of factors, including poor circulation and neuropathy. Without prompt and proper care, these wounds can lead to severe complications, including infections that may progress to gangrene. Discover essential strategies for preventing and managing diabetic foot ulcers.
Inspecting and Taking Care of Feet
The loss of sensation due to diabetes-related nerve damage often leaves minor cuts or bruises unnoticed, and these wounds can transform into ulcers. Examining feet daily for blisters, cuts, or any signs of unusual swelling helps catch potential problems early when they’re most treatable.
Take the following steps for good foot hygiene:
- Wash your feet daily using mild soap and lukewarm water, which helps remove any accumulated dirt and bacteria without drying out the skin.
- Gently pat the feet dry with a soft towel, paying special attention to the areas between the toes to prevent moisture build-up.
- Apply a diabetic-friendly moisturizer on the feet, but not between the toes, to prevent cracks and fissures.
Wearing Non-Abrasive Footwear
Wearing shoes that provide a snug yet comfortable fit without points of friction can protect sensitive feet. Shoes with sufficient cushioning and support can also distribute weight evenly and reduce pressure on any single part of the foot.
Finding the right shoes often means looking for designs specifically made for diabetic foot care, which typically feature a wider toe box, seamless construction, and materials that combat moisture. Additionally, using custom-made orthotic inserts prescribed by a healthcare provider can further tailor the shoe’s fit and support.
Managing Blood Sugar
Managing blood sugar is essential for preventing and managing diabetic foot ulcers. Eating a variety of nutritious foods, rich in fiber and low in simple sugars, can stabilize blood glucose. Regularly monitoring blood sugar levels can also help you understand how different foods and activities affect glucose levels.
Engaging in regular physical activity is also crucial for blood sugar management. Exercise helps the body use insulin more efficiently, lowering blood glucose levels. Consult with your healthcare provider to create an exercise plan tailored to your specific health needs.
Seeking Professional Podiatric Care
Regular podiatric care is vital for identifying and treating potential foot problems before they escalate into serious complications. Specialists recommend that individuals with diabetes undergo a comprehensive foot examination at least once a year.
Doctors treat diabetic foot ulcers through various methods, including advanced wound care techniques, antibiotics for infections, and proper wound dressing to promote healing. They may also use debridement to remove dead tissue from the ulcer to facilitate the growth of healthy tissue.
For non-healing wounds, doctors may recommend hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), where patients breathe pure oxygen in a pressurized room or chamber to enhance the body’s natural healing process and fight infections. One of the most important things to know about insurance coverage for HBOT is that coverage may depend on your specific condition. Therefore, before starting therapy, discuss your prescribed treatment with your insurance provider to understand coverage and limitations.
Managing diabetic foot ulcers involves a comprehensive approach that includes daily foot inspection and care, wearing appropriate footwear, controlling blood sugar levels, and seeking regular professional podiatric care. By adopting these preventive measures and pursuing timely medical interventions, individuals with diabetes can significantly reduce their risk of foot ulcers.
